A slurry pump is a machine that increases the energy of a solid-liquid mixed medium by the action of centrifugal force (rotation of the pump's impeller). It can convert electrical energy into kinetic energy and potential energy of the medium. This article will elaborate on the classification and application scenarios of slurry pumps for your selection.
A slurry pump is a pump used to transport a mixture of solid particles containing slag and water. In principle, a slurry pump is a type of centrifugal pump.
Working principle: When the impeller rotates rapidly, the impeller blades cause the slurry to rotate rapidly. The rotating slurry flies out of the impeller under the action of centrifugal force, and after the liquid in the pump cavity is thrown out, a vacuum zone is formed in the center of the impeller. The slurry is pressed into the feed pipe through the pipe network under the action of atmospheric pressure or water pressure. This cycle can achieve continuous feeding, thereby achieving the head and flow required by the working condition design.
The basic structure of a slurry pump consists of an impeller, a pump casing (pump body), a shaft, a bearing, a bracket, a shaft seal and other parts. The power is generally connected to the motor, which can be directly connected by a coupling, or connected by a belt or a pulley.
Slurry pumps can be classified according to different principles and structures, and there are four common classification methods. According to the number of stages, they can be divided into single-stage pumps and multi-stage pumps. According to the water suction method, they can be divided into single-suction pumps and double-suction pumps. According to the number of impellers, they can be divided into single-impeller pumps and double-impeller pumps. According to the installation method, they can be divided into cantilever type, horizontal pump, vertical pump, etc.
When a slurry pump pumps a solid-liquid mixture, the most severely worn part is the impeller, followed by the pump body or the flow-through parts such as the jacket and the guard plate. Therefore, these parts are usually made of wear-resistant materials to increase the service life of the pump.
Slurry pumps are widely used in industries such as mining, power plants, dredging, metallurgy, chemicals, building materials and petroleum. Slurry pumps have significant advantages, especially in conveying slurries containing abrasive solid particles. In the mining industry: used to convey slurries containing abrasive solid particles during the ore dressing process. In the power industry: mainly used in the hydraulic ash removal system of thermal power plants. In the metallurgical industry: conveying slurry from systems such as blast furnace gas washing water, continuous casting turbid ring water and steel rolling turbid ring water. In the chemical industry: conveying some corrosive slurries containing crystals. In the environmental protection industry: used for environmental protection projects such as river dredging and sewage treatment. In the field of seawater sand selection: In the process of seawater sand selection, slurry pumps are also called gravel pumps or dredging pumps. The slurry pump has a reasonable design and a compact structure, which makes the pump vibrate less, make less noise and run smoothly during operation.
So how do we choose a suitable slurry pump? First, we need to determine the flow rate and head, and determine the flow rate and head of the slurry pump according to actual needs. The flow rate is usually based on the maximum flow rate, taking into account the normal flow rate; the head needs to consider a certain reserve margin. Secondly, we need to understand the properties of the liquid, including the name of the liquid medium, chemical properties (such as corrosiveness, pH, etc.) and physical properties (such as temperature, viscosity, particle size, etc.). These properties will affect the material selection and structural design of the pump. Finally, we need to consider the pipeline layout: the height of the liquid delivery, the distance of the liquid delivery, the direction of the liquid delivery, the length of the pipeline and the material. These factors will affect the performance of the pump and the verification of the cavitation margin.
